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unit 6 poverty 1

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MAJOR SOCIAL PROBLEMS POVERTY, HOUSING, FOOD SUPPLIES, ILLITERACY, PROSTITUTION, DOWRY, CHILD LABOUR, CHILD ABUSE, DELINQUENCY, CRIME, SUBSTANCE ABUSE, HIV/AIDS, COVID-19 🌟 — POVERTY  1. Meaning of Poverty Poverty means not having enough income to meet basic needs like food, shelter, clothing, health, and education. Common in rural India and developing countries. Leads to poor health , family problems , and community disorganization . Simple Definitions Gillin & Gillin: Poverty = A condition where a person cannot maintain normal physical and mental efficiency due to low income or poor spending. Goddard: Poverty = Not having enough things needed to live in health and strength. Adam Smith: Rich or poor depends on how much a person can afford to enjoy life’s basic comforts. 🌟 2. Causes of Poverty (Easy Points) A. Physical Factors Sickness (TB, malaria), disability, accidents. Poor health reduces ability to work → low income. Alcohol and smok...
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unit 6 ,Social organization

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📝 Teaching Note UNIT 06 – Social Organization and Disorganization Topic: Meaning, Elements and Types of Social Organization I. Introduction Human beings live together in society and constantly interact with one another. These interactions are organized through roles, statuses, norms, and institutions , forming what is called social organization . A well-organized society maintains balance, harmony, and social order, while failure of this balance leads to social disorganization . II. Meaning of Social Organization Social Organization refers to the state of order and harmony in society , where institutions function according to their recognized or implied purposes. Definition: Social organization is a condition in which individual behavior is regulated in accordance with social values, norms, and expectations, ensuring social equilibrium. It is based on social relationships Society is a web of relationships Deviation from expected behavior causes disequilibrium Balan...
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unit 6 poverty 2

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📘 TEACHING NOTES (Pages 268–278) Unit: Welfare of Under-Privileged Sections, Rights of Individuals, Women & Children VI. Welfare of Under-Privileged Sections & Rights (Pages 268–271) 1. Under-Privileged Sections (Page 268) 📘 TEACHING NOTE: Under-Privileged Sections of Society (SC, ST & OBC) I. Meaning of Under-Privileged Sections Under-privileged sections include: Scheduled Castes (SC) Scheduled Tribes (ST) Other Backward Classes (OBC) They are also called deprived classes because they faced long periods of social, economic, and educational discrimination. Scheduled Caste (SC) Term first appeared in Government of India Act, 1935 . As per Article 341 , certain castes suffering from untouchability and social disabilities are declared as SC. Scheduled Tribe (ST) Tribe with distinct culture, language, customs, territorial identity. Defined by Dr. D.N. Majumdar as a group united by common territory, dialect, traditions, and social distance from cas...
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