SOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAMMES in India

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Here is your properly arranged, polished Teaching Note, made exam-oriented and student-friendly for B.Sc. Nursing. Content is reorganized with clear flow, headings, and emphasis on nursing relevance.

Teaching Note: Social Welfare Programmes in India

(For B.Sc. Nursing Students)

Purpose of the Teaching Note

This teaching note is designed to help B.Sc. Nursing students understand the wide landscape of Social Welfare Programmes in India.
These programmes are vital for nursing professionals because nurses often act as the link between marginalized populations and government support systems, ensuring holistic recovery and social well-being.

1. Introduction & Philosophy of Social Welfare

India is constitutionally declared as a Welfare State, committed to the overall well-being of its citizens.

Constitutional Basis

  • Preamble of the Constitution
    • Ensures Social, Economic, and Political Justice
  • Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)
    • Provide guidelines to the State for promoting social and economic welfare

Definition

Social Welfare Programmes are government interventions aimed at:

  • Reducing poverty and inequality
  • Protecting vulnerable groups such as:
    • Women
    • Children
    • Elderly
    • Marginalized communities

2. Poverty Alleviation & Rural Development Programmes

These programmes are based on the Twin Pillars:

  1. Wage Employment
  2. Self-Employment

Major Schemes

  • MGNREGA (2005) – Wage Employment

    • Legal guarantee of 100 days of employment per year
    • Acts as a social safety net for rural households

  • SGRY (2001) – Wage + Food Security

    • Provides employment along with food grains

  • IRDP (1980) – Self-Employment

    • Provides productive assets (livestock, tools, equipment)
    • Helps families become economically independent

3. Maternal, Child, and Girl Child Welfare

This section is highly relevant to Community Health Nursing.

Key Programmes

  • ICDS (Integrated Child Development Services)

    • Backbone of child nutrition services
    • Delivered through Anganwadi Centres
    • Services include:
      • Supplementary nutrition
      • Immunization
      • Preschool education

  • POSHAN Abhiyaan

    • Mission-mode programme to reduce:
      • Malnutrition
      • Stunting
      • Anaemia

  • Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP)

    • Promotes:
      • Survival
      • Protection
      • Education of the girl child

  • Mid-Day Meal Scheme (MDMS)

    • Improves:
      • School enrollment and attendance
      • Nutritional status of children

4. Women’s Empowerment & Safety Programmes

  • Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY)

    • Financial assistance to pregnant women
    • Compensates for wage loss and ensures maternal nutrition

  • Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana

    • Provides LPG connections to women
    • Reduces respiratory diseases caused by firewood smoke

  • Kudumbashree (Kerala Model)

    • Self-Help Group (SHG) movement
    • Empowers women through:
      • Micro-enterprises
      • Community leadership

  • One Stop Centres (OSC)

    • Support for women affected by violence
    • Provides:
      • Medical aid
      • Legal assistance
      • Counseling

5. Health Care Programmes (Core Nursing Area)

These programmes aim to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC).

Programme Key Feature
Ayushman Bharat (PM-JAY) ₹5 lakh insurance cover per family per year
National Health Mission (NHM) Includes NRHM (Rural) & NUHM (Urban)
Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) Cash incentive for institutional delivery
Mission Indradhanush Immunization against 12 vaccine-preventable diseases
RNTCP / NACP Control of Tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS

6. Welfare for the Elderly (Geriatric Care)

With increasing life expectancy, geriatric nursing has become an important area of care.

  • NPHCE

    • Dedicated health services for elderly at:
      • Primary level
      • Secondary level

  • NOAPS

    • Monthly pension for destitute senior citizens

  • Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007

    • Legal protection for elderly parents
    • Ensures children provide care and financial support

7. Role of the Nurse in Social Welfare

Nurses function beyond clinical care as Advocates, Educators, and Facilitators.

Major Roles

  • Identification

    • Identifying eligible patients for schemes like:
      • PM-JAY
      • JSY

  • Referral

    • Guiding BPL families to appropriate government services

  • Education

    • Teaching communities about:
      • ICDS benefits
      • Importance of Mission Indradhanush

  • Documentation

    • Helping patients maintain:
      • Health cards
      • UAN
      • Scheme-related records

Summary Checklist for Students

✔ Differentiate between:

  • Wage Employment – MGNREGA
  • Self-Employment – SGSY

✔ Memorize the financial coverage of Ayushman Bharat (₹5 lakh/family/year)

✔ Understand the Triple Benefit of JSY:

  1. Health of the Mother
  2. Health of the Child
  3. Financial support

If you want next, I can:

  • Prepare MCQs for exam practice
  • Convert this into 5-mark / 10-mark answers
  • Make Malayalam notes
  • Prepare PPT slides for teaching

Just tell me 👍

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